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Phone: 614.298.8781
Fax: 888.883.5787
1508 Hess St. Suite D
Columbus, OH 43212
Fax: 888.883.5787
1508 Hess St. Suite D
Columbus, OH 43212
| An Intelligent approach to fitness |
Better Business Bureau of
Central Ohio Accredited
Central Ohio Accredited
Bones
Questions to ponder
Why is it recommended that children be concerned about increasing bone density?
The current research indicates that after the age of 35, bone breakdown occurs faster than bone growth. The
degree that this balance shifts toward breakdown, however, is not drastic and there are many ways to mitigate
it. The largest increase in bone density loss occurs in women after menopause.
What is Bone?
Bone is a strong, lightweight framework that is both dynamic and flexible. It has many bodily functions including
providing support, shaping, maintaining anchor points for skeletal muscles to provide movement, storage site
for body’s minerals, and protection of internal organs.
Definitions
Long Bones: act as levers –body movement
Short Bones: limited movement mostly connectors
Flat Bones: protective
Irregular Bones: for example vertebrae
Osteocyte: the cells that maintain the matrix
Osteoblasts: the cells that manufacture bone
Osteoclasts: the cells that erode the bone matrix
Remodeling: the process of bone cell creation and erosion balanced by the forces exerted on the bone – and
the strength required- and the body’s calcium balance
Modeling: Changes in bone structure on existing bone structure.
The Balance of Bone
The Bone Density Equation is just Resorption vs. Creation. When resorption occurs at a faster rate than
creation, bone density decreases. When creation occurs faster, bone density increases. The body balances this
by 2 hormones:
- Calcitonin: Thyroid hormone that helps control the level of calcium in the blood by slowing the rate of bone
resorption and speeding up the intake of calcium to make more bone matrix.
- Parathyroid Hormone: Hormone that increases the calcium level in the blood by increasing the bone
breakdown, by stimulating the uptake of calcium from food and by increasing the resorption of calcium back into
the blood via the kidneys.
To increase bone density: decrease rate of resorption and increase rate of creation. How? Exercise. Diet.
Drugs.
Exercise
1. Weight Bearing
2. Resistance Training
Diet
1. Ensure nutrients available to build new bone (1,500 mg CA and 400-800iu of D)
2. Maintain calcium availability to be absorbed from digestion
3. Avoid Soft Drinks
Drugs –typically used for osteoporosis due to side effects
1. Antiresorptives- Biophosphonates, raloxifene, calcitonin and estrogen.
2. Anabolic Drugs- those that stimulate new bone formation (teriparatide)
Questions to ponder
Why is it recommended that children be concerned about increasing bone density?
The current research indicates that after the age of 35, bone breakdown occurs faster than bone growth. The
degree that this balance shifts toward breakdown, however, is not drastic and there are many ways to mitigate
it. The largest increase in bone density loss occurs in women after menopause.
What is Bone?
Bone is a strong, lightweight framework that is both dynamic and flexible. It has many bodily functions including
providing support, shaping, maintaining anchor points for skeletal muscles to provide movement, storage site
for body’s minerals, and protection of internal organs.
Definitions
Long Bones: act as levers –body movement
Short Bones: limited movement mostly connectors
Flat Bones: protective
Irregular Bones: for example vertebrae
Osteocyte: the cells that maintain the matrix
Osteoblasts: the cells that manufacture bone
Osteoclasts: the cells that erode the bone matrix
Remodeling: the process of bone cell creation and erosion balanced by the forces exerted on the bone – and
the strength required- and the body’s calcium balance
Modeling: Changes in bone structure on existing bone structure.
The Balance of Bone
The Bone Density Equation is just Resorption vs. Creation. When resorption occurs at a faster rate than
creation, bone density decreases. When creation occurs faster, bone density increases. The body balances this
by 2 hormones:
- Calcitonin: Thyroid hormone that helps control the level of calcium in the blood by slowing the rate of bone
resorption and speeding up the intake of calcium to make more bone matrix.
- Parathyroid Hormone: Hormone that increases the calcium level in the blood by increasing the bone
breakdown, by stimulating the uptake of calcium from food and by increasing the resorption of calcium back into
the blood via the kidneys.
To increase bone density: decrease rate of resorption and increase rate of creation. How? Exercise. Diet.
Drugs.
Exercise
1. Weight Bearing
2. Resistance Training
Diet
1. Ensure nutrients available to build new bone (1,500 mg CA and 400-800iu of D)
2. Maintain calcium availability to be absorbed from digestion
3. Avoid Soft Drinks
Drugs –typically used for osteoporosis due to side effects
1. Antiresorptives- Biophosphonates, raloxifene, calcitonin and estrogen.
2. Anabolic Drugs- those that stimulate new bone formation (teriparatide)